Efficient Multimodal Geometry for Road-Scene Perception: Curb Detection and Zero-Shot Depth
Keywords:
Road-Scene Geometry, Sensor Fusion, Depth Priors, Attention Efficiency, Domain Transfer, Road SafetyAbstract
Road-Scene Geometry has become a test of how well researchers can connect performance with evidence quality, resource limits, and transfer across settings. This article critically maps combining cross-sensor attention and efficient state-space decoding for transferable geometric perception. The source set brings together 2 focal papers with 13 independently retrieved publications whose DOI or publisher records were checked before inclusion. The analysis is organized around sensor fusion, depth priors, attention efficiency, domain transfer, and road safety. To avoid reading outcomes from different settings as equivalent, the review compares research framing, method assumptions, and test envelope. Across the literature, the evidence indicates that advances in road-scene geometry become credible when representation, objective, and evaluation protocol are evaluated together and when uncertainty about distribution shift is reported explicitly. This organization relates method selection to decision risk and exposes recurring transfer threats, and proposes a research agenda centered on clear comparators, adversarial conditions, and inspectable evidence.
Archive transfer
Originally published in Inclusive Growth and Management Quarterly (NB), article 43, on 2026-08-31. Transferred to Perspectives in Science and Inquiry on 3 November 2026. The original authors, publication date and article text are retained.
References
- Chen, Y., Long, Z., Wu, Y., & Chen, L. (2024). Falcon: Fused attention for lidar-camera curb detection.
- Hou, B., & Long, Z. (2024). WaveSamba: A Wavelet Transform SSM Zero-Shot Depth Estimation Decoder. In 2024 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA) (pp. 738-744). IEEE.
- Tan, J., Li, J., An, X., & He, H. (2014). Robust Curb Detection with Fusion of 3D-Lidar and Camera Data. Sensors, 14(5), 9046-9073. https://doi.org/10.3390/s140509046
- Liu, J., Yue, S., Hao, W., & Cai, Y. (2026). MF-BEVFusion: multiscale depth estimation and fully dynamic fusion for camera-LiDAR BEV 3D object detection. Journal of Electronic Imaging, 35(02). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jei.35.2.023009
- Bong, E. J., & Kee, S. C. (2026). Dense Depth Map Estimation Based on Camera–LiDAR Sensor Fusion. IEEE Sensors Journal, 26(4), 5891-5901. https://doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2025.3649237
- Rao, R., Ouyang, Z., Chen, S., Chen, L., Huang, G., & Cui, C. (2026). Zero-Shot Polarization-Intensity Physical Fusion Monocular Depth Estimation for High Dynamic Range Scenes. Photonics, 13(3), 268. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics13030268
- Ji, M., Yang, J., & Zhang, S. (2026). DepthFusion: Depth-Aware Hybrid Feature Fusion for LiDAR-Camera 3D Object Detection. IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, 28, 7217-7227. https://doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2026.3668596
- Obando-Ceron, J. S., Romero-Cano, V., & Monteiro, S. (2023). Probabilistic multi-modal depth estimation based on camera–LiDAR sensor fusion. Machine Vision and Applications, 34(5). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-023-01426-x
- Meng, L., Zhao, H., & Fan, B. (2024). Obstacle detection for intelligent robots based on the fusion of 2D lidar and depth camera. International Journal of Hydromechatronics, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1504/ijhm.2024.10060856
- Yildiz, A. S., Meng, H., & Swash, M. R. (2025). Real-Time Object Detection and Distance Measurement Enhanced with Semantic 3D Depth Sensing Using Camera–LiDAR Fusion. Applied Sciences, 15(10), 5543. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15105543
- Wang, Z., Li, P., Zhang, Q., Zhu, L., & Tian, W. (2025). A LiDAR-depth camera information fusion method for human robot collaboration environment. Information Fusion, 114, 102717. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inffus.2024.102717
- Fan, B., Zhao, H., & Meng, L. (2024). Obstacle detection for intelligent robots based on the fusion of 2D lidar and depth camera. International Journal of Hydromechatronics, 7(1), 67-88. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijhm.2024.135994
- Tran, D. M., Ahlgren, N., Depcik, C., & He, H. (2023). Adaptive Active Fusion of Camera and Single-Point LiDAR for Depth Estimation. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 72, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3284129
- Mai, N. A. M., Duthon, P., Khoudour, L., Crouzil, A., & Velastin, S. A. (2021). Sparse LiDAR and Stereo Fusion (SLS-Fusion) for Depth Estimation and 3D Object Detection. IET Conference Proceedings, 2021(1), 150-156. https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.1442
- Cui, M., Zhu, Y., Liu, Y., Liu, Y., Chen, G., & Huang, K. (2022). Dense Depth-Map Estimation Based on Fusion of Event Camera and Sparse LiDAR. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 71, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3144229
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Derek Stevenson, Simon Henderson, Keith Stewart (Author)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.